FTIR Evaluation of Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Bleached Cellulose from Jackfruit Peel and Leaf
Keywords:
Jackfruit peel, jackfruit leaf, cellulose, Alkaline hydrogen peroxide, FTIR, waste valorizationAbstract
The need for plant waste valorization has become a subject area that most researchers have delved into. One of such aspects is cellulose extraction from jackfruit tree waste which is seen as a commercially underutilized plant. In this research cellulose was extracted from Jackfruit Peel (JFP) and Jackfruit Leaf (JFL) using hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, acetic acid and alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) bleaching solutions respectively to purify the extracted cellulose. Comprehensive characterization of the cellulose was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The peel yielded 17.4% of cellulose while the leaf gave 33.21% cellulose yield after AHP bleaching which achieved higher purification efficiency than the other bleaching solutions. The level of purity of cellulose after AHP bleaching is comparable to that of the commercial cellulose based on the FTIR results. However, with EDS carbon weight concentration of up to 84%, JFP cellulose proved to be purer than JFL cellulose. FTIR spectroscopy also confirmed their cellulose content in relation to commercial cellulose while morphological characterization with SEM revealed separated single cellulose fibres of JFL and the compacted cellulose fibre sheets of JFP. JFP cellulose also has a higher crystalline index (41.2%) than JFL cellulose based on the XRD result. Both plant parts can be sustainable sources of cellulose for industrial use.
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